Interesting construction facts (Интересные факты строительства)
Amazing craftsmanship was demonstrated by the Incas during the construction of the city of Macu Picchu in South America, high in the Andes.
They built high walls of huge stones, which were so tightly fitted together that even earthquakes could not move them. The city has survived to this day. And the Tibetans, on the contrary, built monasteries, as if glued to the sheer cliffs of the Himalayas. An example of such construction is the Potala Monastery in Lhasa. In the 18th century in Ethiopia, Christian churches were carved into monolithic rocks, and they served at the same time as fortresses. These churches have survived to this day, as well as other amazing buildings of that time.
Около 2000 лет до Р. Х. китайцы строили дома из деревянных столбов, накрывая их соломенной кровлей.
В Скара-Брей на Оркнейских островах, у побережья Шотландии обнаружено поселение из каменных домов, в середине которых были каменные ниши для утвари, столы и нары.
Поселение было погребено под слоем песка 4500 лет назад во время урагана.
Сооружения Древней Греции поражают благородной красотой и величием. Человек, глядя на Парфенон чувствует себя выше ростом и шире в плечах, размеры здания не подавляли, не унижали его. Секрет гармонии линий и формы храма Парфенона основан на таком и точном понимании законов оптики и здорового восприятия.
History of construction development (История развития строительства)
Наследником Древней власти стал античный Рим, позаимствовавший у греков классический ордер. В постройках Рима нашли отражение идеи могущества и нерушимости римской военной империи. Эти идеи ярче всего воплощены в здании гигантского цирка, который называют Колизеем, от слова "колос" - "гигант".
With the development of building technologies, the style of buildings becomes more and more complex: arches, high spiers, and domes appear. Minarets, pagodas. Church spiers are getting taller, their shape more refined. Onion-shaped minarets were typical of Muslim architecture.
At that time, throughout Western Europe, they began to intensively build castles, and subsequently, not only castles, but also settlements, and sometimes the whole city, were surrounded by fortress walls. The Normans were considered outstanding masters of such construction; the Japanese and the Maya also achieved considerable success.
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